136 Bijective

A bijective mapping is a function that is both injective and surjective that is used to set up a one-to-one correspondence between two sets.

Definition (Bijective) A property of a function from a set \(X\) to a set \(Y\), \(F: X \rightarrow Y\), where the following conditions apply:

  • The function \(F\) is injective
  • The function \(F\) is surjective

where

  • \(X\) is the domain of \(F\).
  • \(Y\) is the co-domain of \(F\)

136.1 Elementary Example

136.1.1 Simple

A bijective map is injective and surjective: a one-to-one correspondence.

\[ F : X \rightarrow Y \]

\[ X = \{ 1,\ 2,\ 3 \},\quad Y = \{ a,\ b,\ c \} \]

\[ F(1) = a,\quad F(2) = b,\quad F(3) = c \]

where

  • \(F\) is injective and surjective.
  • \(X\) and \(Y\) have the same number of elements.

136.1.2 General

A shift on four labeled points is bijective.

\[ X = Y = \{ 1,\ 2,\ 3,\ 4 \} \]

\[ F(1) = 2,\quad F(2) = 3,\quad F(3) = 4,\quad F(4) = 1 \]

where

  • \(F\) is a bijection from \(X\) onto itself.