201 Divergence

A divergence is a scalar value calculated from the derivative of a mapping of vectors that is used to calculate the change in a variable value within an open set.

Note: Also written \(\operatorname{div} \mathbf{v}\). Also called the divergence of the vector field defined by \(\mathbf{v}\).

definition [d] (Divergence = div) From Kreyszig: let \(\mathbf{v}(x,y,z) = [v_{1}, v_{2}, v_{3}] = v_{1}\,\mathbf{i} + v_{2}\,\mathbf{j} + v_{3}\,\mathbf{k}\) be a differentiable vector function, where \(x\), \(y\), \(z\) are Cartesian coordinates and \(v_{1}\), \(v_{2}\), \(v_{3}\) are the components of \(\mathbf{v}\). Then the function

  • \(\displaystyle \operatorname{div} \mathbf{v} = \dfrac{\partial v_{1}}{\partial x} + \dfrac{\partial v_{2}}{\partial y} + \dfrac{\partial v_{3}}{\partial z}\)

is called the divergence of \(\mathbf{v}\) or the divergence of the vector field defined by \(\mathbf{v}\).

where

  • \(\mathbf{v}\) is a differentiable vector function.
  • \(v_{1}\), \(v_{2}\), \(v_{3}\) are the Cartesian components of \(\mathbf{v}\).
  • \(x\), \(y\), \(z\) are Cartesian coordinates.
  • \(\operatorname{div} \mathbf{v}\) is the divergence of \(\mathbf{v}\).

201.1 References

  1. Kreyszig, E. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th ed. Wiley, 2011. — divergence \(\operatorname{div} \mathbf{v}\) in Cartesian coordinates.